While much of the world remains fixated on the Iran–Israel conflict, a significant development has unfolded almost unnoticed.
Just hours ago, NASA launched Artemis II—a crewed mission that will orbit the Moon for approximately ten days. What makes this mission remarkable is not merely its technological sophistication, but the historical weight it carries. It marks humanity’s return toward the Moon for the first time since 1972—more than five decades after the Apollo era came to an end. This inevitably revives a familiar question, If humans reached the Moon decades ago, why did it take so long to return? The answer is, in fact, straightforward. It was never about technological incapacity. Rather, at that time, there was no compelling strategic necessity. From Symbolic Victory to Strategic Necessity During the Cold War, the Moon was not simply a scientific destination—it was a symbol of power. The United States and the Soviet Union competed intensely to demonstrate supremacy. The pinnacle of this rivalry was the Apollo 11 Moon landing, a historic achievement that not only redefined human capability but effectiv...